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Bap Formation
Click to display on map of the Ancient World at:
Bap Fm base reconstruction

Bap Fm

Period: 
Carboniferous, Permian

Age Interval: 
Permo-Carboniferous


Province: 
NW.India Rajastan-Bikaner-Nagaur Basin

Type Locality and Naming

OUTCROP: The type section is around Bap village. [Original Publication: Ranga Rao, A., Dhar, C.L., and Obergfell, F.A., 1977: Badhaura formation of Rajasthan - its stratigraphy and age: IV International Gondwana Symposium, 1977, Calcutta, pp.481-490.].

Reference section: Khirwa, Bari-Sird, Akhadana, Hanguri, Shekasar and Nokhra.

[Figure 1: Location map of West Rajasthan Basins (after Pandey and Dave, 1998)]

Synonyms: See Badhaura Fm for discussion.


Lithology and Thickness

Glacial or Conglomerate. It comprises boulder clay. The clasts are angular and range from pebble to boulder size embedded in red or bluish grey clay matrix. Towards the top, the pebbles are well rounded (fluvio-glacial). Its thickness is 50-160 m.

[Figure 2: Generalized and Subsurface Stratigraphy of Bikaner-Nagaur Basin ((from dghindia.gov.in)]


Lithology Pattern: 
Glacial till


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Major hiatus. It overlies Nagaur Fm (Cambrian) with a pronounced unconformity.

Upper contact

Its upper contact with Badhaura Fm is nowhere seen but it is conceived as gradational.

Regional extent

The formation is continuously exposed mainly from north of Khirwa to Bari Sird in NE-SW trending hillocks. Northwards of Bari-Sird, outcrops are very poor.

[Figure 3: Stratigraphic Correlation of Rajasthan Basins (from dghindia.gov.in)]


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Ranga Rao et al. (1977) have reported rich and well-preserved fauna i.e., Eurydesma sp., Polypora sp., Ambikella sp., Neospirifer sp. The assemblage is compared to Eurydesma bed of Salt Ranges. The palynological assemblage comprises Brevitriletes communis, Plicatipollenties indicus, P.densus, P.stigmatus, Parasccites ovatus, etc.


Age 

Permo-Carboniferous. [For graphic column, arbitrarily shown as Sakmarian; with hypothesis that the glacial unit is coeval with other Sakmarian-type deposits in N. Gondwana]

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Asselian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.5

    Beginning date (Ma): 
296.21

    Ending stage: 
Artinskian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
1.0

    Ending date (Ma):  
283.30

Depositional setting


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

D.S.N Raju